软件管理yum

2013年3月3日

YUM

一、yum工具的配置文件

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.conf

[main]

cachedir=/var/cache/yum

keepcache=0

debuglevel=2

logfile=/var/log/yum.log

distroverpkg=redhat-release

tolerant=1

exactarch=1

obsoletes=1

gpgcheck=1

plugins=1

bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/yum5bug

# Note: yum-RHN-plugin doesn’t honor this.

metadata_expire=1h

installonly_limit = 5

# PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo

# in /etc/yum.repos.d

[root@desktop7 rpm]#

二、yum下载源定义文件

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/

bak/      dvd.repo

 

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo

[media]

name=CentOS Media

baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.254/pub/centos5.8/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

[root@desktop7 rpm]#

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/

cat: /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/: Is a directory

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/

CentOS-Base.repo       CentOS-Vault.repo      rpmforge-testing.repo

CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  ftplianjie.repo        

CentOS-Media.repo      rpmforge.repo

         

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo

[fengzhao001]

name=fengzhao

baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.254/pub/centos5.8/CentOS/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

[root@desktop7 rpm]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo

[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo

cat: /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo: No such file or directory

[root@desktop7 rpm]#

三、清除YUM缓存

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Cleaning up Everything

Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#

四、操作软件包

1、列出软件包

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum list |more

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Installed Packages

GConf2.i386                                2.14.0-9.el5                installed

GConf2.x86_64                              2.14.0-9.el5                installed

GConf2-devel.x86_64                        2.14.0-9.el5                installed

ImageMagick.i386                           6.2.8.0-12.el5              installed

ImageMagick.x86_64                         6.2.8.0-12.el5              installed

MAKEDEV.x86_64                             3.23-1.2                    installed

NetworkManager.i386                        1:0.7.0-13.el5              installed

NetworkManager.x86_64                      1:0.7.0-13.el5              installed

NetworkManager-glib.i386                   1:0.7.0-13.el5              installed

NetworkManager-glib.x86_64                 1:0.7.0-13.el5              installed

NetworkManager-gnome.x86_64                1:0.7.0-13.el5              installed

ORBit2.i386                                2.14.3-5.el5                installed

ORBit2.x86_64                              2.14.3-5.el5                installed

ORBit2-devel.x86_64                        2.14.3-5.el5                installed

OpenIPMI.x86_64                            2.0.16-12.el5               installed

OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64                       2.0.16-12.el5               installed

PyQt.x86_64                                3.16-4                      installed

PyXML.x86_64                               0.8.4-6.el5                 installed

SDL.x86_64                                 1.2.10-9.el5                installed

SDL_gfx.x86_64                             2.0.24-1.el5.rf             installed

SysVinit.x86_64                            2.86-17.el5                 installed

Virtualization-en-US.noarch                5.8-1.el5.centos            installed

Xaw3d.x86_64                               1.5E-10.1                   installed

a2ps.x86_64                                4.13b-57.2.el5              installed

–More–

2、列出软件包群组

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum grouplist

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Setting up Group Process

Determining fastest mirrors

media                                                       | 1.3 kB     00:00     

media/primary                                               | 1.2 MB     00:00     

media/group                                                 | 1.1 MB     00:00     

Installed Groups:

   Administration Tools

   Dialup Networking Support

   Editors

   GNOME Desktop Environment

   Graphical Internet

   Graphics

   KVM

   Legacy Network Server

   Mail Server

   Network Servers

   Office/Productivity

   Printing Support

   Server Configuration Tools

   Sound and Video

   System Tools

   Text-based Internet

   Web Server

   X Window System

Available Groups:

   Authoring and Publishing

   Base

   Cluster Storage

   Clustering

   DNS Name Server

   Development Libraries

   Development Tools

   Eclipse

   Engineering and Scientific

   FTP Server

   GNOME Software Development

   Games and Entertainment

   Java Development

   KDE (K Desktop Environment)

   KDE Software Development

   Legacy Software Development

   Legacy Software Support

   MySQL Database

   News Server

   OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution

   PostgreSQL Database

   Windows File Server

   X Software Development

   Xen

Done

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#                  

3、安装已下载的软件包

[root@desktop7 ~]# yum install quagga.x86_64

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transaction check

—> Package quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 set to be updated

–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

 Package         Arch            Version                   Repository      Size

================================================================================

Installing:

 quagga          x86_64          0.98.6-5.el5_5.2          media          1.1 M

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Install       1 Package(s)

Upgrade       0 Package(s)

Total download size: 1.1 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

quagga-0.98.6-5.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm                       | 1.1 MB     00:00     

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Finished Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing     : quagga                                                   1/1

Installed:

  quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2                                              

Complete!

[root@desktop7 ~]#

4安装已下载的软件组包

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum groupinstall News Server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Group Process

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Warning: Group News does not exist.

Warning: Group Server does not exist.

No packages in any requested group available to install or update

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#

5、查找信息

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum info media

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

media                                                                    3595/3595

Error: No matching Packages to list

[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#

6、移除软件包

[root@desktop7 ~]# yum remove quagga.x86_64

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

Setting up Remove Process

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transaction check

—> Package quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 set to be erased

–> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

 Package        Arch           Version                  Repository         Size

================================================================================

Removing:

 quagga         x86_64         0.98.6-5.el5_5.2         installed         4.0 M

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Remove        1 Package(s)

Reinstall     0 Package(s)

Downgrade     0 Package(s)

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Finished Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Erasing        : quagga                                                   1/1

Removed:

  quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2                                              

Complete!

[root@desktop7 ~]#

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/fengzhao001/1156272

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来源：weixin_34038293